The war was fought largely in North Vietnam and South Vietnam, though some fighting did occur in the neighboring territories of Cambodia and Laos. [11][23]:106 R.J. Rummel estimated that ARVN suffered between 219,000 and 313,000 deaths during the war, including in 1975 and prior to 1960. Persian Gulf (1988) (Oil Platforms) 2. Seven massacres officially confirmed by the American side. The South Vietnamese government, on the other hand, fought to preserve a Vietnam more closely aligned with the West. The U.S. military has estimated that between 200,000 and 250,000 South Vietnamese soldiers died. Relations between the United States and Vietnam were stable in the aftermath of the Vietnam War, and peace was maintained. Deaths in Cambodia and Laos were estimated at 273,000 and 62,000 respectively. Search and destroy was a term to describe operations aimed at flushing the Viet Cong out of hiding, while body count was the measuring stick for operation success and this resulted in exaggeration and listing civilian deaths as enemy KIA. Regarding killed in action the 1st Marine Division was the unit with the highest . ; 1972 Easter Offensive - This saw 50,000 to 75,000 North Vietnamese combatants . Among other countries that fought for South Vietnam, South Korea had more than 4,000 dead, Thailand about 350, Australia more than 500, and New Zealand some three dozen. Significant numbers resettled in the United States, Canada, Italy, Australia, France, West Germany, and the United Kingdom.[105]. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The United States has spent over $65 million since 1998 as part of unexploded ordnance clearing operations. Support for the war was lacking in the United States, so the decision was made to discontinue efforts there. Shelby L. Stanton, 'The Rise and Fall of an American Army,' Spa Books, 1989, xvi. The costs and casualties of the growing war proved too much for the United States to bear, and U.S. combat units were withdrawn by 1973. Another potential limitation is the relatively small sample size of the study. American Greatness, by Victor Davis Hanson Original Article. In general, DD1300, DA2496, and DD1330 photographs are copyrighted and should not be copied. In 1975 South Vietnam fell to a full-scale invasion by the North. 7. 69th Armor Page: Ray's Home Page: E-Mail Me: Note: NVA casualty data was provided by North Vietnam in a press release to Agence France Presse (AFP) on April 3, 1995, on the 20th anniversary of the end of the Vietnam War. They also assert that the U.S. overall suffered fewer casualties than its opponents. One study estimated that American commanders exaggerated body counts by 100 percent. Chapter 14: "The cease-fire war claimed 26,500 ARVN dead in 1973, and almost 30,000 in 1974. 1st Battalion, 9th Marines. [45] One example cited by Turse is Operation Speedy Express, an operation by the 9th Infantry Division, which was described by John Paul Vann as, in effect, "many My Lais". [62] Across all three wars including the First Indochina War and the Third Indochina War there was a total of 1,146,250 PAVN/VC confirmed military deaths, included 939,460 with bodies recovered and 207,000 with the bodies unfound. They have a Bachelor's in Air Traffic Management from Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University and minored in Aviation Safety and Homeland Security. Ho Khang, ed, Marilyn Young. The Vietnam War was a long, deadly struggle that took place from 1954 to 1975 between North Vietnam and South Vietnam. The forces involved in this war (by the conclusion of the war) included: The war was fought in dense jungle terrain, so the American military developed a chemical solution known as Agent Orange to burn through the brush and lure out the hiding Viet Cong forces. Not until 1995 did Vietnam release its official estimate of war dead: as many as 2 million civilians on both sides and some 1.1 million North Vietnamese and Viet Cong fighters. My Lai (4) and My Khe (4) (collectively the My Lai Massacre) claimed the largest number of victims with 420 and 90 respectively, and in five other places a total of about 100 civilians were executed. All three men died in spring of 2020 of COVID-19 after . Vietnam War Almanac: An In-Depth Guide to the Most Controversial Conflict in American History. Although North Vietnamese and Viet Cong casualty counts vary wildly, it is generally understood that they suffered several times the number of American casualties. In late 2006, the project scope was extended further by including circumstances of death information in the Coffelt Database - the "how and where" of their deaths. 1. [27] Estimates for the number of North Vietnamese civilian deaths resulting from US bombing range from 30,00065,000. [5], Uppsala University in Sweden maintains the Armed Conflict Database. [26] The program resulted in an estimated 26,000 to 41,000 killed, with an unknown number possibly being innocent civilians. In October 1966, Defense Secretary Robert McNamara initiated Project 100,000 which further lowered military standards for 100,000 additional draftees per year. Vietnam War. Data for deaths in Laos is incomplete. Including 28 civilians, originally there were 52 missing civilians. The earliest casualty record contains a date of death of . An additional 232,000 military personnel were still missing as of 2017, a total of 1,081,000 dead and missing for the American War. [26], RJ Rummel estimated that American forces killed around 5,500 people in democide between 1960 and 1972, from a range of between 4,000 and 10,000. [66][67] After the U.S.'s withdrawal from the conflict, the Pentagon estimated PAVN/VC deaths at 39,000 in 1973 and 61,000 in 1974. According to a 2009 study, one third of land in the central provinces of Vietnam is still contaminated with unexploded mines and ordnance. The steady aeromedical evacuation and in-theater care performed by the Air Force Medical Service (AFMS) in Southeast, The official News page of the Air Force Medical Service, providing the latest articles about Air Force Medicine and the Air Force. [69], There has been considerable controversy about the exact numbers of deaths inflicted on the Communist side by U.S. and allied South Vietnamese forces. Lebanon (1982-1984) 240. succeed. Weakened by defeat in the war, France withdrew its forces in 1945. Da Nang was the primary storage site of the chemical. By nearly every metric, the Vietnam War was, in the common sense of the word, a war. Officer casualties of all branches were overwhelmingly white. To be listed on the Memorial one simply need to have been: 1) A native Hoosier; and, 2) Killed in Action or Missing in Action between 1 January . [62], According to American writer Joseph Babcock, the Vietnamese government estimated 300,000 PAVN/VC missing-in-action (MIA) in 2019, but that the real number of MIA is widely believed to be closer to 500,000 people, whose bodies were either never found or buried anonymously and never identified. (At least 100 names on the memorial are those of servicemen who were actually Canadian citizens.) [65], According to the Vietnamese government's official history, one of the deadliest years was 1972, where they lost over 100,000 casualties. For details of the total number of Australians who died during the Vietnam War, 1962- 1975, please refer to Deaths as a result of service with Australian units.. Statistics: Total Australian service casualties in the Vietnam War, 1962-72 [48] In December 1966, the Blue Dragon Brigade reportedly perpetrated the Bnh Ha massacre. Despite the loss of members of the unit on that day and one later in the week, Don praised the unit's overall performance. [35], For official US military operations reports, there was no established distinctions between enemy KIA and civilian KIA. US Army helicopters pour machine-gun fire into the tree line to cover the advance of ground troops. The majority of the remaining number of casualties were Vietnamese. For example, during the Seven Days Battles in the American Civil War (June 25 to July 1, 1862) there were 5,228 killed, 23,824 wounded and 7,007 missing or taken prisoner for a total of 36,059 casualties. The Vietnamese, in the midst of the fighting, only had a growing desire to separate from colonial France and create their own nation. These are the most accurate estimates of the death tolls for each group of fighters: Civilians made up a large portion of the casualties in the Vietnam War. [2], Arapaho tribe Cheyenne tribeLakota tribes, Vichy FranceItalian Social Republic 19431945Kingdom of Italy19421943, American units with the highest percentage of casualties per conflict, US units with most casualties per conflict, Union and Confederate numbers added together, The 215 casualty figure is disputed. 88,594. [19] Rummel's mid-level estimate includes 17,000 South Vietnamese civil servants killed by PAVN/VC. The wide disparity among the estimates cited below is partially explained by the different time periods of the Vietnam War covered by the studies and whether casualties in Cambodia and Laos were included in the estimates. The Vietnam Veterans Memorial, Washington, D.C.. Major incidents. History is not a fixed set of facts. The Vietnam War officially came to an end in 1975 when South Vietnam surrendered to North Vietnam, unable to maintain the fight. In 1995 Vietnam . Sources: World War II Honor List of Dead and Missing, June 1946; Battle Casualties of the Army, 30 September 1954; List of Casualties Incurred by U.S. Military Personnel in Connection with the Conflict in Vietnam, 30 September 1975. Encounter Books, December 2022. It is suspected that over 1.2 million of these deaths were murders. Aid sent from other nations to the South Vietnamese effort waged about 5,000 total deaths. WWII POWs; WWII Enlistments; Japan POWs; Korean War Casualties; Displaying 1 - 20 . And John Sullivan enlisted in the Navy after graduating high school and served as a second class machinist mate during the Vietnam War. A casualty is just a soldier who is no longer available for the immediate battle or campaign, the major consideration in combat. An estimate by the Department of Defense after the war gave a figure of 1.2 million civilian casualties, including 195,000 deaths. [15][16][17] Walter Mead estimates that approximately 365,000 Vietnamese civilians to have died as a result of the war during the period of American involvement. The Fall of Saigon in 1975 | Vietnam War Timeline, Causes & Aftermath, Battle of Ia Drang | Battle of Ia Drang Casualty List, Easter Offensive of 1972: Vietnam War | History, Impact & Aftermath. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. I feel like its a lifeline. 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